Introduction
Islam has spread across the world for over 1420 years ago. Through its initial explosion of energy, the religion of Islam in time spread in areas dominated by two great desert complexes, the Saharan and the Arabian. Wherever Muslims ruled, non-Muslims were dealt with in light of their rights enunciated in the Holy Quran, the Sunnah and the evolving corpus of Islamic Jurisprudence.
Hostrical Fact
Islam as a religion has long recognized the right of non-Muslim to practice their religious and cultured values. The well known term of al-zimmah fully describes the notion of full protection given by the Islamic state to its non-Muslims citizens. Ample historical facts are not difficult to be quoted to show how Islamic states treated its non_muslims minorities. The interactions between the Muslims and the one and the non-Muslims on the other hand had fluctuated between cordial, peaceful and mutual co-existence and the state on conflict. But in almost all cases history clearly tells us that Islamic tolerance towards non-Muslims minorities has no parallel in world history.
Types of non-Muslims
Non-Muslims are divided into two types of categories either they are in the household of war which refer to non-Muslims who are not bound by peace truly, or covenant and whose blood and property are not protected by the law. While the second category of non-Muslims is the household of peace which refer to the non-Muslims where this category, there three types of non-Muslims :
• Those in custody - who live in Muslim countries and agree to pay the tribute and they are subject to Islamic law.
• Truce - who sign a peace treaty with Muslims after defeated in war.
• Protected one - the immigrant from outside and come to Islamic states to learn about Islam.
The responsibility of a Muslim to another non-Muslim.
The prophet Muhammad is reported to have said :
"Who hurts a non-Muslim citizen of a Muslim state - I am his adversary
on the day of judgment".
"Beware on the day of judgment, I shall, my self be the accuser against
him who wrongs a non-Muslim citizen (of a Muslim state) or lays on
him a responsibility greater than he can bear, or deprives him of
anything that belong to him".
As mentioned in the two hadith, the prophet Muhammad (pbuh) asking his nation not to hurt a non -Muslim citizen of a Muslim state. This instruction is not including for the first category of non-Muslim as stated before. Which is refer to non-Muslims who are not bound by peace treaty or covenant and whose blood and property are not protected by the law of Syariah. Since the instruction from the prophet Muhammad (pbuh) to Muslim to treat the non-Muslim whose are living in Islamic state . They have right and under the protection of the Islamic law. So, it come a big responsibility to a Muslim treat they as kind as instructed by the prophet Muhammad (pbuh) in order to lighting our beloved state in peace and harmony without any conflict as well as war.
Conclusion
When talking about the responsibility of a Muslim to another Muslim, Muslims should concern that the non-Muslims community have the right to know about the beauty of Islam. Muslim community should try to move from a position of more defensive concern, and try to spread the message of Islam the non-Muslim community. Actually, this is a big responsibility for Muslims in which should be done in the very intelligent ways as the Quran and the prophet Muhammad (pbuh) laid a great stress on that matter.
Islam has spread across the world for over 1420 years ago. Through its initial explosion of energy, the religion of Islam in time spread in areas dominated by two great desert complexes, the Saharan and the Arabian. Wherever Muslims ruled, non-Muslims were dealt with in light of their rights enunciated in the Holy Quran, the Sunnah and the evolving corpus of Islamic Jurisprudence.
Hostrical Fact
Islam as a religion has long recognized the right of non-Muslim to practice their religious and cultured values. The well known term of al-zimmah fully describes the notion of full protection given by the Islamic state to its non-Muslims citizens. Ample historical facts are not difficult to be quoted to show how Islamic states treated its non_muslims minorities. The interactions between the Muslims and the one and the non-Muslims on the other hand had fluctuated between cordial, peaceful and mutual co-existence and the state on conflict. But in almost all cases history clearly tells us that Islamic tolerance towards non-Muslims minorities has no parallel in world history.
Types of non-Muslims
Non-Muslims are divided into two types of categories either they are in the household of war which refer to non-Muslims who are not bound by peace truly, or covenant and whose blood and property are not protected by the law. While the second category of non-Muslims is the household of peace which refer to the non-Muslims where this category, there three types of non-Muslims :
• Those in custody - who live in Muslim countries and agree to pay the tribute and they are subject to Islamic law.
• Truce - who sign a peace treaty with Muslims after defeated in war.
• Protected one - the immigrant from outside and come to Islamic states to learn about Islam.
The responsibility of a Muslim to another non-Muslim.
The prophet Muhammad is reported to have said :
"Who hurts a non-Muslim citizen of a Muslim state - I am his adversary
on the day of judgment".
"Beware on the day of judgment, I shall, my self be the accuser against
him who wrongs a non-Muslim citizen (of a Muslim state) or lays on
him a responsibility greater than he can bear, or deprives him of
anything that belong to him".
As mentioned in the two hadith, the prophet Muhammad (pbuh) asking his nation not to hurt a non -Muslim citizen of a Muslim state. This instruction is not including for the first category of non-Muslim as stated before. Which is refer to non-Muslims who are not bound by peace treaty or covenant and whose blood and property are not protected by the law of Syariah. Since the instruction from the prophet Muhammad (pbuh) to Muslim to treat the non-Muslim whose are living in Islamic state . They have right and under the protection of the Islamic law. So, it come a big responsibility to a Muslim treat they as kind as instructed by the prophet Muhammad (pbuh) in order to lighting our beloved state in peace and harmony without any conflict as well as war.
Conclusion
When talking about the responsibility of a Muslim to another Muslim, Muslims should concern that the non-Muslims community have the right to know about the beauty of Islam. Muslim community should try to move from a position of more defensive concern, and try to spread the message of Islam the non-Muslim community. Actually, this is a big responsibility for Muslims in which should be done in the very intelligent ways as the Quran and the prophet Muhammad (pbuh) laid a great stress on that matter.
